Withania somnifera, known commonly as ashwagandha is an evergreen shrub in the Solanaceae or nightshade family that grows in India, the Middle East, and parts of Africa. Several other species in the genus Withania are morphologically similar.
The plant, particularly its root powder, has been used for centuries in traditional Indian medicine. Ashwagandha supplements, typically containing root or leaf powder or extracts, are commonly sold. Its use in herbal medicine and dietary supplements notwithstanding, there is insufficient scientific evidence that W. somnifera is safe or effective for treating any health condition or disease.